Guide to the Josephine L. Schwarz papers, 1905-1999

Overview of Collection

Repository: University of Dayton. University Archives and Special Collections
Creator: Schwarz, Josephine L., 1908-2004
Title: Josephine L. Schwarz papers
Dates: 1905-1999
Extent: 9.6 linear feet
Abstract: Personal and professional documents pertaining to dancer and choreographer Josephine Schwarz and to the Schwarz School of Dance and Dayton Ballet, both of which she founded in Dayton, Ohio, in 1927 and 1937, respectively.
Collection Code: SC 3
Language: English

Biography of Josephine L. Schwarz

Josephine Lindman Schwarz, the grande dame of dance and founder of the Dayton Ballet, was born on April 8, 1908, in Dayton, Ohio.

Miss Jo, as she was known in the dance world, began her dance career at 8 years of age. Initially, her dance classes served as physical therapy following her bout with the mumps. Her lessons helped her to rebuild her strength and regain her balance. Her therapy became a passion by age 14.

After her father's business went bankrupt, Miss Jo began teaching to raise money for her lessons. While in high school, she and her sister, Miss Hermene, spent vacations and summers studying dance with Adolph Bolm in Chicago. While there, Miss Jo danced with Ruth Page's Ravinia Opera Ballet.

In 1927, the sisters started the Schwarz School of Dance. Ten years later they founded the Experimental Group for Young Dancers. After several name changes, the dance company became known as the Dayton Ballet. The Dayton Ballet is one of the oldest regional companies in the United States.

Miss Jo fell in love with modern dance after witnessing a moving performance by the German modern dancers, Yvonne Georgi and Harold Kreutzberg. During the summers of 1929 and 1930, the sisters went to Germany and Austria to study modern dance with Mary Wigman and her disciples. From there, Miss Jo went to New York City to work with Charles Weidmann and Doris Humphrey. She returned to teach with Miss Hermene in 1937 after a knee injury ended her professional dance career. They taught ballet and modern dance, which was unheard of at the time.

Miss Jo taught and choreographed for the Schwarz School and Dayton Ballet for over 30 years and continued as an administrator until her retirement in 1984. Even after she left, she was still involved with the company as a mentor and founder. In 1980 she turned the job of director and choreographer over to Stuart Sebastian, a former student.

In 1994, Miss Jo moved to Boulder, Colorado, to be closer to her family. However, she often returned to Dayton to visit her beloved Dayton Ballet. She died February 27, 2004, in Boulder, Colorado.

Scope and Content

This collection is comprised of materials documenting the career of Josephine L. Schwarz as a dance choreographer and founder of the Dayton Ballet and Schwarz School of Dance. These organizations are extensively covered from the 1920s to the 1980s through press releases, brochures, announcements, summer schedules, ballet scores, and Miss Jo's choreography notes from ballets and conferences. The collection also contains brochures for European schools, as well as programs and articles of the Dayton Civic Ballet and the Dayton Contemporary Dance Company.

Of particular note are photographs of Miss Jo and her sister, Hermene Schwarz, taken by the well-known photographer, Jane Reece. Other photographs depict ballets, rehearsals, and classes, some of which were taken by Walt Klein. The correspondence in the collection is from Miss Jo's dance family, well-wishers, and friends. Local and national newspaper and magazine articles about Miss Jo date from the 1930s to 1994. There are also numerous award certificates, plaques and scrapbooks.

Related Material

Josephine Schwarz Papers. Special Collections and Archives, University Libraries, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio.

Victory Theatre Records. University Archives and Special Collections. University of Dayton Libraries, Dayton, Ohio.

Search Terms

This collection is indexed under the following headings in the University of Dayton Libraries Catalog. Researchers may use these headings to search the catalog for resources on related topics, persons, or places.

Personal Names

Schwarz, Hermene
Schwarz, Josephine L., 1908-2004
Stuart, Sebastian

Corporate Names

Dayton Ballet
Schwarz School of Dance (Dayton, Ohio)

Subjects

Ballet companies
Ballet companies -- Ohio -- Dayton
Ballets
Choreography -- Ohio -- Dayton
Choreography and dance
Dance -- Ohio -- Dayton
Dance schools
Dance schools -- Ohio -- Dayton
Music
Piano music

Administrative Information

Access to Materials

This collection is open and available to the public for research in the Archives and Special Collections reading room. The materials are non-circulating.

Copyright

The materials in this collection may be protected by copyright law (Title 17, U.S. Code). The materials are available for personal, educational, and scholarly use. It is the responsibility of the researcher to locate and obtain permission from the copyright owner or his or her heirs for any other use, such as reproduction and publication.

Acquisition Information

This collection was donated to the University of Dayton Archives and Special Collections by Josephine L. Schwarz on 16 September 1994.

Processing Information

The Josephine L. Schwarz papers were processed by Carolyn Macchia in 1995.

Preferred Citation

Josephine L. Schwarz Papers, 1905-1999. University Archives and Special Collections, University of Dayton Libraries, Dayton, Ohio.

Box and Folder Listing

Series 1: Dance, 1920-1999
This series consists of documents from the Dayton Ballet and the Schwarz School of Dance, including programs, articles, publications, and awards. This series has three subseries.
Subseries 1: Dayton Ballet and Schwarz School of Dance, 1926-1999
This subseries contains choreography notes on dancers and ballets, board reports, press releases, announcements, and recital programs. Some photographs of ballets are located throughout the files. Also in this subseries are lectures and notes by Miss Jo, as well as New Work notes. The remaining dance-related materials pertain to the Carlisle Project, Dayton Foundation Allegro Fund, Dayton Theatre Dance Company, and Living Arts, among other projects and organizations.
Box Folder
American Association of Dance Companies, 1975-1976 1 1
Camille Izard Morric papers, 1957-1979, 1991-1992 1 2
Carlisle Project Convocation, 1990 1 3
Choreography conference: West Coast Craft of Choreography (at Pacific Lutheran University), 1976-1977 1 4
Choreography Conference -- Notes on history, 1980-1989 1 5
Choreography Committee Meeting, 1975-1976 1 6
Choreography notes and New Work, 1960-1969 1 7
Collection of Miss Jo's lectures and articles, 1950-1969 1 8
Craft of Choreography -- Articles, newsletters, and other materials, 1988-1992 1 9
Creative Process -- Lectures and other materials, 1982, 1992-1993 1 10
Dance festivals -- Agendas, brochures, and other materials, 1960-1999 1 11
Dayton Ballet 50th year program, 1987 1 12
Dayton Ballet Company -- Programs and announcements, 1973-1974 1 13
Dayton Ballet Company -- Programs and announcements, 1975-1976 1 14
Dayton Ballet Company souvenir program, 1980 1 15
Dayton Ballet Dance Center, 1984-1987 1 16
Dayton Ballet and Friends -- Ballethoo, 1991-1992 2 1
Dayton Ballet and Friends -- Publicity, 1988-1990 2 2
Dayton Ballet and Friends -- Reports, 1989-1992 2 3
Dayton Ballet Presents Stuart Sebastian, undated (mirror) 2 4
Dayton Ballet -- Press releases, 1940-1979 2 5
Dayton Ballet -- Programs and announcements, 1977-1979 2 6
Dayton Civic Ballet -- Articles and programs, 1959-1979 2 7
Dayton Foundation Allegro Funds and summary reports, 1993-1994 2 8
Dayton Foundation Allegro Residents, 1988-1993 2 9
Dayton Theatre Dance Group -- Programs and announcements, 1930-1970 2 10
Dayton Theatre Dance Group -- Programs and announcements, 1970-1972 2 11
Duplicate programs -- Dayton Civic Ballet, 1960-1969 3 1
Duplicate programs -- Summer courses, lectures, etc., 1961-1969 3 2
Schwarz School and Dayton Ballet, 1950-1989 3 3
Great Lakes Assembly -- Notes, 1981 3 4
Living Arts Reunion and Celebration, 1989-1990 3 5
Letters of Praise -- 40th Anniversary, 1977 3 6
The Making of a Dancer Conference, 1985 3 7
Miscellaneous papers, articles, seminars, etc., 1940-1989 3 8
National Association for Regional Ballet, 1985 1987-1988 3 9
Programs -- Dayton Theatre Dance Group, 1941-1972 3 10
Program -- Third Dance Recital, Schwarz School of Dance, 1926 3 11
Programs -- Schwarz School and Dayton Ballet, 1937, 1959-1979 3 12
Schwarz School Alumni Association, 1986-1988 4 1
Schwarz School -- Correspondence, expenses, etc., 1970-1979 4 2
Schwarz School -- Notes on choreography, lectures, 1950-1959 4 3
Schwarz School -- Recital programs, 1937-1969 4 4
Schwarz School -- Recital programs, 1930-1979 4 5
Search Committee file for Dayton Ballet, 1990 4 6
Special students -- Scholarships, 1980-1985 4 7
Summer class schedules -- Schwarz School, 1944-1979 4 8
Technical staff notes and cue sheets, 1967-1970 4 9
Various notebooks and notes -- Seminars, choreography, 1950-1969 4 10
Various publications -- Schwarz School, 1970-1989 4 11
Subseries 2: Programs and brochures, 1920-1989
This subseries consists of programs, playbills, fliers, schedules, brochures and notes. The programs and playbills are from Europe, New York, and Dayton. The fliers and schedules are for teacher training and courses at the Hellerau-Laxenburg School in Austria, the Adolph Bolm Ballet, and many others. There are brochures from the New York Dance Scheme, the American Ballet Company, and the Royal Academy of Dancing. Also included are choreography notes on New Work with Miss Jo's various comments.
Box Folder
Brochures from New York Dance Scheme, 1920-1959 5 1
British programs and brochures, 1967 5 2
European and American fliers and schedules, 1920-1969 5 3
Playbills of programs Miss Jo saw (US), 1920-1966 5 4-5
Playbills from NYC sabbatical, 1970-1979 6 1
Programs for Dayton performances, 1980-1989 6 2-3
Studio Library lists, 1905-1989 6 4
Various comments -- Choreography notes, articles, photographs, 1940-1969 6 5
Subseries 3: Articles, publications, and awards, 1930-1999
Articles and publications about Josephine Schwarz and the Dayton Ballet. The articles are from local and national newspapers and magazines, including the New York Times, Dayton Daily News, Dance Arts Issue, and the Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism. The awards in this subseries are from the State of Ohio, the Ohio Women's Hall of Fame, and the National Dance Association, among others. Documents related to Miss Jo's high school diploma and honorary degrees from the University of Dayton and Wright State University are also included. The actual diploma and degrees are located in series five (oversize materials).
Box Folder
Awards -- Letters, photographs, and other materials -- Capezio Foundation and Association of Ohio Dance Company, 1979 7 1
Awards -- State of Ohio, Ohio Arts Council, 1977-1993 7 2
Ohio Women's Hall of Fame, 1992-1994 7 3
Ohioana Pegasus Award -- Articles, letters, and other materials, 1987 7 4
Specials from Miss Jo's home file -- Awards and articles, 1973-1994 7 5
University of Dayton Honorary Degree -- Letters and photographs, 1974 7 6
Various awards and brochures, 1972-1992 7 7
Various vitae, letters, articles, and other materials, 1970-1999 7 8
Wright State University Honorary Degree -- Program, photographs, 1983 7 9
YMCA and Ohio Women's Hall of Fame, 1982, 1992 7 10
Steele High School commencement programs and Dayton High Schools Certificate of Credits, 16 June 1927 7 11
Dayton Public Schools Appreciation Award, 1985-1986 8
Dayton Performing Fund Special Friend -- Schwarz School of Dance, 23 October 1983 8
Regional Dance America / Northeast Honors, 19 May 1990 8
Salute to Career Women -- Special Achievement Award, 1 June 1982 8
I Watched Myself Grow Up, 1976 (videotape) 8
American Dance Festival -- The Black Tradition in American Modern Dance, 1988 9 1
Articles about Miss Jo, 1930-1959 9 2
Articles about Miss Jo, 1959-1983 9 3
Articles about Miss Jo, 1970-1994 9 4
Big Bend Area Travel Guidebook, 1990 9 5
Big Bend Quarterly, Winter 1989 9 6
Bravo! Dayton, 1988-1989 9 7
Dance Research Journal (Russian Issue), 1989 9 8
Dayton Arts Issue, 1988 9 9
Dayton Opera 1988-1989 Season Program, 1988-1989 9 10
International -- National Ballet Company, 18 June 1979-30 June 1979 9 11
Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, Fall 1962 9 12
Lufthansa Borduch/Logbook, 1984 9 13
Miami Valley History: A Journal of the Montgomery County Historical Society, Vol. 1, No. 1, May 1989 9 14
Ohioana Quarterly and Dance Chronicle, 1986-1988 9 15
Ohio magazine , 1983 9 16
Teton -- The magazine of Jackson Hole, WY, 1975-1976 9 17
Teton -- The magazine of Jackson Hole, WY, 1987 9 18
Viva! -- Victoria Theatre Festival, 1990 9 19
Who's Who in America -- Letters and biographies, 1975-1994 9 20
Dance Magazine, July 1950-August 1950 10 1
Dance Magazine, March 1951 10 2
Dance Magazine, June 1953, September 1953 10 3
Dance Magazine, 1954 10 4
January-March, June-July, and December issues.
Dance Magazine, 1955 10 5
January and October-December issues.
Dance Magazine, 1956 10 6
January-May issues.
Dance and The American Dancer, 1939 10 7
June, July, and September issues.
Series 2: Photographs, 1920-1993
The photographs in this series are of Dayton Ballet and Schwarz School performances, rehearsals, classes, and demonstrations. The majority of the Dayton Ballet photographs were taken by Walt Klein and span from the 1930s to the 1970s. Additionally, there are photographs of Miss Jo and Miss Hermene taken by Jane Reece between the 1920s and 1940s.
Box Folder
Dayton Ballet -- Birthday of the Infante, The Bookcase, Le Croix Du Roi, undated 11 1
Dayton Ballet -- Concerto Barroco, The Class, Chanson, Celebrations, Dances Concertantes, 1969, 1971, 1978-1979 11 2
Dayton Ballet -- Dance Overture (several casts), 1964, 1969, 1971, 1973 11 3
Dayton Ballet -- Divertesiments from Soirees Musical, Fall into Winter, Escapes, Don Quixote, Dreams, Die Linie, Fast Co., 1960-1980 11 4
Dayton Ballet -- Flower Festival, Ophelia, Lincoln Portrait, Homage to Georg Frederick, 1968, 1974-1975, 1979 11 5
Dayton Ballet -- Grand Pas Espagnol, 1970-1980 11 6
Dayton Ballet -- Half Past Six in the Afternoon, Archaic Fragments, Concerto Royal, Cinderella, 1960-1979 11 7
Dayton Ballet -- In a Sylvan Glade, Untitled, Premavera, 1969, 1978-1979 11 8
Dayton Ballet -- L'Airs, Fliescende Tanschfifle, Wingborne, miscellaneous, 1940-1979 11 9
Dayton Ballet -- New Work, 1965 11 10
Dayton Ballet -- Odd Single Dupes, Countepointan Fugue, Anya's Journey, 1952, 1979 11 11
Dayton Ballet -- Perefrashc, Pavanne, Willoughby, Un Giorno, Pas de Quatre, 1970, 1974 11 12
Dayton Ballet -- Seaborne, Seedless Stonemoons, Reggae On, 1968, 1975, 1978 12 1
Dayton Ballet -- Space and Time, Dancers, Sleeping Beauty, The Sovereign Pays Court, 1973, 1980-1981 12 2
Dayton Ballet -- Spindrift, Symphonie Classic, Street Music, Tarantella, To Albinone, There are No Roses in My Garden, 1970-1989 12 3
Dayton Ballet -- Trimorphous, Once Upon A Ballet, Papillon, 1970-1979 12 4
Dayton Ballet -- Wingborne, Wheat Maiden, Soliloquies, miscellaneous, 1950-1979 12 5
Walt Klein photographs, 1960-1979 12 6
Miscellaneous photographs of Schwarz School, undated 12 7
Various photographs, 1940-1985, 1993 12 8
Various photographs, 1920-1949 12 9
Various photographs -- Ballets, 1940-1979 12 10
Various photographs -- Classes, demonstrations, 1940-1969 12 11
Various photographs -- Rehearsals, classes, undated 12 12
Various shows -- Life Begins at 8:40, Spring Fever, playbills, 1930-1939 12 13
Series 3: Correspondence, 1920-1999
This series contains correspondence over the course of Miss Jo's life. The correspondence is from former students, well-wishers, and longtime friends, such as Eleanor King.
Box Folder
My Dance Family, 1987-1993 13 1
Eleanor King and Actor's Retirement Home, etc., 1978, 1982, 1990-1991 13 2
Eleanor King, 1985-1986, 1988, 1991 13 3
Finland, 1929-1947 13 4
Friends, 1988, 1991-1994 13 5
Friends, 1992-1993 13 6
Doris Hering, 1950-1959, 1980-1994 13 7
Janney/ Macy, 1979-1990 13 8
Judson Jerome, 1966-1979, 1991 14 1
"Jay Leyda: A Life's Work" exhibit, Tisch School of the Arts, New York University, 29 January 1988-28 February 1988 14 2
Letters from interesting people, 1930-1999 14 3
Letters from interesting people, 1970-1994 14 4
Letters of praise and thanks, 1930-1969 14 5
Drusilla Schroeder-Schwinghammer, 1920-1989 14 6
William Van Loon and George Booman, 1960-1969 14 7
Series 4: Miscellaneous, 1932-1994
This series consists of Miss Jo's calendars, a thesis on Jane Reece, and ballet scores. The calendars range from 1975 to 1994 and provide information about Miss Jo's daily life and travels. The thesis is in two volumes and was written by Karen S. Chambers. Volume one is the written portion and volume two, the photographic portion. The scores are from performances done by the Dayton Ballet and Miss Jo. There are notes on makeup, dancers and scenes.
Box Folder
Day-to-day calendars, 1975-1978 15 1
Day-to-day calendars, 1979-1982 15 2
Day-to-day calendars, 1983-1985 15 3
Day-to-day calendars, 1986-1989 16 1
Day-to-day calendars, 1990-1994 16 2
Master's thesis on Jane Reece, Vol. 1, 1977 16 3
Master's thesis on Jane Reece, Vol. 2, 1977 16 4
Amahl -- Makeup, notes, scores, and other materials, 1966 17 1-2
Billy the Kid -- Notes, articles; One Snowy Afternoon -- Notes, January 1976, 1984 17 3
Lou Cooper and Carl Sandberg, Are You Happy -- Score; MaRouka Dance, Seance -- Notes and scores, 1942-1950 17 4
Paul Creston, Dance Overture -- Score and notes; Robert Schumann, Papillons -- Score and notes, 1944-1957 undated 17 5
Cydelise, 1960s (photocopy) 17 6
Wasson and Schwarz, Escapes; Children's Corner; Robert Schumann, Symphonic Studies, 1963 17 7
Gold bindings with musical scores, undated 17 8
Notes and scores, counts, piano reduction, quartet 4 (records), 1964, undated 18 1
Possible ballets -- Last of the Curlews, My Dear Dorthea (books), 1955, 1956 18 2
The Princess Marries the Page, My Dear Dorthea, Last of the Curlews -- Books, notes (never produced), 1932, 1960, undated 18 3
Ravel, Quartet; Paul Creston's Dance Overture; Revival notes, 1955, 1987 18 4
Bess Saylor, The Christmas Spirit (variations); Hayden and Brahms, 1955 18 5
Weaving Maiden, Early American Suite, Ballad for Americans, Gallery B scores, 1940, undated 18 6
Series 5: Oversize, 1923-1991
This series contains all the oversize materials in the collection, including matted photographs by Jane Reece, scrapbooks for the Dayton Ballet's 45th and 50th anniversaries, ballet scores, award plaques, trophies, and certificates. Included are Miss Jo's certificate of confirmation, high school diploma, and honorary doctorate degree certificates from the University of Dayton and Wright State University.
Box
Photographs, 1944-1973 undated 19
Miss Hermene, undated
Miss Jo and Miss Hermene, undated
Photograph by Hermene Schwarz. Jo Schwarz and accompanist, circa 1950-1955
Photograph by Hermene Schwarz. Judith Coy (Marshall), 1953
Photograph by Hermene Schwarz. Patricia Heigel, teacher/choreographer, Memorial Hall Studio, Schwarz School, A Dancer's Tools, 1957
L'Arlesienne Suite Bizet (including notes), 1947
Bess Saylor rehearsing her Celebrations (with other notes), undated
Violette Veridy teaching Schwarz School class (with notes), circa 1965-1969
Bess Saylor teaching (with notes), 20 December 1972 (2 copies)
Negative print of Anya's Journey (with notes), 1973
Negative print of Trimorphous, undated
Trimorphous Premiere (with notes), 1973
Homage to Georg Friderich dancers Bess Saylor (Imber) and Laura Beavers (Hurley) (with notes), 1973
Paul Koverman and Bess Saylor (with notes), 1973
Photograph by Jane Reece. Josephine Schwarz, with note from Jane Reece on reverse side (36c), undated
Photograph by Jane Reece. Gus Schwarz, one year old (49c), undated
Photograph by Jane Reece. Hannah (56a), 1944
Photograph by Jane Reece. (64b), undated
Same as 64a except clearer print.
Photograph by Jane Reece. Hermene at wrought iron door (11a); signed by Jane Reece, undated
Photograph by Jane Reece. Conspirito (13b); no contact, undated
Photograph by Jane Reece. Profile of Jo with hair up (14a); signed by Jane Reece, undated
Photograph by Jane Reece. Portrait of Jo in square neck, with inscribed message from Jane, Peter, and Diane (37a), undated
Photograph by Jane Reece. Portrait of Jo in square neck (37e), undated (Matte)
Same as 37a but matte finish.
Photograph by Jane Reece. Portrait of Jo in square neck (37f), undated (Matte)
Same as 37a but matte finish and lighter print.
Photograph by Jane Reece. Hermene's profile, haunting (10d), undated (Glossy)
Photograph by Jane Reece. Jo in The Maskmaker (34a), undated (Glossy)
Photograph by Jane Reece. Hermene's profile, haunting (10c); signed by Peter and Diane, undated (Glossy)
Miscellaneous oversize materials, 1949-1991, undated 20
Score: Seance (alone), 1949
Score: The Birthday of the Infanta, undated
Score: Escapes, undated (2 copies)
Score: I Watched Myself Grow Up, undated (unbound)
Scrapbook: The 45th Anniversary, Dayton Ballet, In Honor of Josephine and Hermene Schwarz, 1982
Scrapbook: Dayton Ballet, 50th Birthday, Josephine Schwarz, Founder, 10 April 1988
The Cure Award, 15 September 1991
Ohio Women's Hall of Fame Award, 7 November 1991
Ohioana Pegasus Award, circa 1990 Black cover
The Ohio House of State Representatives Certificate, circa 1990
University of Dayton Honorary Doctor of Fine Arts Degree, [1974]
University of Dayton Citation for the Honorary Degree, [1974]
Wright State University Honorary Doctor of Humanities Degree, [1982]
Miscellaneous oversize materials, 1923-1934, undated Map-case
Certificate of Confirmation, 1923
Longfellow District School -- Certificate of Promotion to High School, circa 1923
Steele High School diploma, 16 June 1927
Drawing of people ice skating, 1934
Certificate of Appreciation from the Northeast Regional Ballet Association, circa 1990
Ave Atque Vale poster, undated